IL6

Synonyms

B-cell stimulatory factor 2, Interferon beta-2, IL6, IFNB2, IL-6, Interleukin-6, Interleukin 6, Hybridoma Growth Factor, IFN-Beta-2, BSF-2, CDF, B-Cell Differentiation Factor, Interferon, Beta 2, Interleukin BSF-2, BSF2, HGF, HSF, CTL Differentiation Factor, Interleukin 6 (Interferon, Beta 2),

Description

Interleukin-6 is an interleukin that acts as both a pro-inflammatory cytokine and an anti-inflammatory myokine. In humans, it is encoded by the IL6 gene.Cytokine with a wide variety of biological functions in immunity, tissue regeneration, and metabolism. Binds to IL6R, then the complex associates to the signaling subunit IL6ST/gp130 to trigger the intracellular IL6-signaling pathway (Probable). The interaction with the membrane-bound IL6R and IL6ST stimulates 'classic signaling', whereas the binding of IL6 and soluble IL6R to IL6ST stimulates 'trans-signaling'. Alternatively, 'cluster signaling' occurs when membrane-bound IL6:IL6R complexes on transmitter cells activate IL6ST receptors on neighboring receiver cells (Probable).IL6 is a potent inducer of the acute phase response. Rapid production of IL6 contributes to host defense during infection and tissue injury, but excessive IL6 synthesis is involved in disease pathology. In the innate immune response, is synthesized by myeloid cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, upon recognition of pathogens through toll-like receptors (TLRs) at the site of infection or tissue injury (Probable). In the adaptive immune response, is required for the differentiation of B cells into immunoglobulin-secreting cells. Plays a major role in the differentiation of CD4 T cell subsets. Essential factor for the development of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells that are required for the induction of germinal-center formation. Required to drive naive CD4 T cells to the Th17 lineage. Also required for proliferation of myeloma cells and the survival of plasmablast cells.Acts as an essential factor in bone homeostasis and on vessels directly or indirectly by induction of VEGF, resulting in increased angiogenesis activity and vascular permeability . Induces, through 'trans-signaling' and synergistically with IL1B and TNF, the production of VEGF . Involved in metabolic controls, is discharged into the bloodstream after muscle contraction increasing lipolysis and improving insulin resistance . 'Trans-signaling' in central nervous system also regulates energy and glucose homeostasis. Mediates, through GLP-1, crosstalk between insulin-sensitive tissues, intestinal L cells and pancreatic islets to adapt to changes in insulin demand. Also acts as a myokine (Probable). Plays a protective role during liver injury, being required for maintenance of tissue regeneration. Also has a pivotal role in iron metabolism by regulating HAMP/hepcidin expression upon inflammation or bacterial infection . Through activation of IL6ST-YAP-NOTCH pathway, induces inflammation-induced epithelial regeneration.

KO Status

F1 (+/-)

Drug Information

Launched drugs: 18
Drugs in clinical trials: 5
Latest Research Phase:Approved

Drug Name

Code

Phase

Company

Indications

Clinical Trials

Luminol sodium

MP-1032

Approved

Selvim, Metrio

Immune System Diseases, Psoriasis

Thalidomide

K-17, NSC-66847, NSC-527179

Approved

Celgene

HIV Infections, Spondylitis, Ankylosing, Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Multiple Myeloma, HIV Wasting Syndrome, Erythema Nodosum, Leprosy, Lepromatous, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular

NED-260

NED-260

Preclinical

Ned Biosystems

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Mycobacterium cell wall-DNA Complex (ProMetic Life Sciences)

EN-3348

NDA/BLA

Prometic Life Sciences

Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms, Carcinoma in Situ

Siltuximab

cCLB-8, CNTO-328

Approved

Eusa Pharma, Janssen Global Services Llc

Head and Neck Neoplasms, Ovarian Neoplasms, Respiratory Tract Infections, Carcinoma, Renal Cell, Pneumonia, Smoldering Multiple Myeloma, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Multiple Myeloma, Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance, Lung Diseases, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult, Multicentric Castleman's Disease (MCD), Prostatic Neoplasms, Neoplasms, Plasma Cell, Colorectal Neoplasms, Castleman Disease, Lung Neoplasms, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin

Lenalidomide

IMiD-3, CC-5013, CDC-501, CDC-5013, ENMD-0997, IMID-5013

Approved

Celgene Corp

Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone, Recurrence, Hematologic Diseases, Leukemia, Myeloid, Lymphoma, B-Cell, HIV Infections, Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral, Anemia, Paraproteinemias, Blood Protein Disorders, Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell, Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse, Smoldering Multiple Myeloma, Multiple Myeloma, Lymphoma, Follicular, Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell, Radiculopathy, Prostatic Neoplasms, Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin, Lymphoma, T-Cell, Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia, Thrombocytopenia, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, Neoplasm Metastasis, Melanoma, Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, Crohn Disease, Complex Regional Pain Syndromes

Pomalidomide

CDC-394, CC-4047, IMiD-1, IMID-4047

Approved

Celgene Corp

Medulloblastoma, Lymphoma, B-Cell, Bone Marrow Neoplasms, Hodgkin Disease, Scleroderma, Systemic, Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse, Multiple Myeloma, Central Nervous System Neoplasms, Lung Diseases, Interstitial, Prostatic Neoplasms, Sarcoma, Lymphoma, Follicular, Primary Myelofibrosis, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin, Carcinoma, Small Cell, Neoplasm Metastasis, Sarcoma, Kaposi, Anemia, Sickle Cell, Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell

Sirukumab

BA-003, CNTO-136

NDA/BLA

Glaxosmithkline Plc, Janssen Global Services Llc

Giant Cell Arteritis, Depressive Disorder, Major, Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), Lupus Nephritis, Polymyalgia Rheumatica, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic, Asthma

PXL-01

PXL-01

Phase 3 Clinical

Promore Pharma

Tissue Adhesions, Post-surgical adhesions

Olokizumab

CDP-6038, Anti-IL6-UCB

Phase 3 Clinical

Ucb

Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), Arthritis, Crohn Disease

Clazakizumab

ALD-518, ALD518-003, BMS-645429, BMS-945429

Phase 3 Clinical

Alder Biopharmaceuticals

Anemia, Fatigue, Graft vs Host Disease, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Rejection of organ transplantation, Arthritis, Psoriatic, Cachexia, Inflammation, Crohn Disease, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, Stomatitis

CD24-Fc

CD24-Fc-IgG, CD24-Fc, HAS-CD24

Phase 3 Clinical

Oncoimmune

HIV Infections, Leukemia, Graft vs Host Disease, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Dyslipidemias, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, Melanoma

Gerilimzumab

GB-224, RYI-008, ARGX-109

Phase 2 Clinical

Argen-X

Arthritis, Rheumatoid

Anti-interleukin-6 receptor monoclonal antibody (Biocad)

Phase 2 Clinical

Biocad

Autoimmune Diseases

PF-04236921

PF-4236921, PF-04236921

Phase 2 Clinical

Pfizer Pharmaceuticals Ltd (China)

Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic, Crohn Disease

DMT-210

DMT-200, DMT-210, DMT-220, SIG-990

Phase 2 Clinical

Signum Dermalogix

Rosacea, Dermatitis, Atopic

Ziltivekimab

COR-001

Phase 2 Clinical

Astrazeneca

Anemia, Inflammation, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic

Cis-urocanic acid

Cis-UCA, UCA-001, UCA-002

Phase 2 Clinical

Herantis Pharma

Dry Eye Syndromes, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms, Xerophthalmia, Dermatitis, Atopic

HL-2351

GX-P4, HL-2351, rhIL-1Ra-hyFc

Phase 2 Clinical

Genexine

Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes

MEDI-5117

WBP-216, MEDI-5117

Phase 1 Clinical

Wuxi Apptec Co Ltd, Medimmune

Arthritis, Rheumatoid

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